Figure 1-5:

The Windows XP desktop, from which all your journeys begin.
The desktop will be your home base for everything you do on the computer. Any other programs you
start might temporarily cover the desktop. When you exit such a program, however, you’ll be taken right
back to the desktop. The desktop is always there, even if it’s currently covered by something else.
The desktop gets its name from the fact that it plays the same role as your “real” desktop. If your real
desktop looks anything like mine, it might be so covered with junk that you can hardly even see it. But
that doesn’t mean your desk has ceased to exist. Once you clear off some of the junk and put away
some of the papers, your real desktop will still be there. The same holds true for the Windows desktop
that’s now (hopefully) visible on your screen.

To the desktop

Once you get past the logon procedure (and any other little gizmos that your computer manufacturer
might have added to the mix), you’ll get to the Windows XP desktop. I can’t even tell you, for certain,
exactly how that will look. When you get to the screen that has the Start button in the lower-left corner,
and some icons (little pictures) on the screen, like the example shown in Figure 1-5, you’ll know you’re
at the desktop.
Windows XP Bible

If this is the first time you’ve started Windows on this computer, and you don’t want to assign yourself a
password, you can leave the password box empty. If you do assign yourself a password, be sure to
write that password down on a piece of paper and keep it in a secure place, using the same upper- and
lowercase letters you use to type in the password. It would be a shame to forget your own password
and then be locked out of your own computer!
Note If you work in a company that requires a user name and password to log on,
contact your company’s network administrator to get an account.

If that happens,

remove the floppy disk from the floppy disk drive. On most computers, just push the
little button on the front of the drive and the disk will pop out (if a disk is in the floppy drive). Then press
any key on the keyboard (such as the spacebar, the Enter key, or some letter) to resume startup. Your
PC will then automatically go to your hard drive (drive C, as it’s called) and load the operating system
from that drive.
If you then see a prompt requesting a password, go ahead and type your password. Note that
passwords are case-sensitive. So if your company network administrator gave you a password, be sure
to type it using exactly the same upper- and lowercase letters provided. Be aware that whenever you
type a password, the letters you type won’t appear onscreen. Instead, you’ll just see a dot or asterisk for
each character you type. The purpose of the dots or asterisks is to prevent someone from peeking over
your shoulder to learn your password (technically known as shoulder surfing).

Why No Floppy Disk?

Floppy disks and CD-ROMs are used to transport software, like CDs and cassette tapes are used to
transport music, from the factory to your PC. Software that you use all the time, such as Windows XP, is
stored on the hard disk inside your computer. You never see this hard disk directly because it cannot be
removed from the computer.
When you first turn on a computer, it may check to see whether a floppy disk is in drive A (the floppy
drive). If there is a disk in that drive, the PC attempts to boot up (load the operating system) from that
floppy. If the floppy doesn’t contain an operating system, the PC won’t start. Instead, some message
such as Non-System disk or disk error. Replace and press any key when ready
appears onscreen.

Figure 1-3:

Remove any floppy disks from the floppy disk drive before turning on your computer.
1. Turn on all peripherals attached to your PC, such as your monitor and printer, and any other
connected device that has its own on/off switch.
2. Turn on the main power on the system unit.
3. To ensure that your computer doesn’t attempt to boot from a CD-ROM, open the CD-ROM drive
and remove any CD that might be in there.
4. Wait a minute or so for your computer to boot up (start itself and load Windows XP for you).
You might see some weird, highly technical information whiz by on the screen. That phase of the startup
is called the Power-On Self-Test (POST), and you can pretty much ignore it. What happens next
depends on how your copy of Windows XP is set up. So just continue to read along and ignore anything
that doesn’t appear on your own screen.

Starting Windows XP

If Windows XP is already installed on your PC, starting Windows XP is a simple task. Follow these
steps:
Caution If Windows XP has not been installed on your PC already, refer to the
instructions that came with your Windows XP package (or Appendix A in this
book) for installation instructions.
1. If your computer has a floppy disk drive, check to make sure no disk is in that drive (see Figure
1-3). If you think a disk is in that drive, push the little button on the front of the drive to pop out
the disk.

Click:

To point to an item and then press and release the primary mouse button.
Double-click: To point to an item and then click the primary mouse button twice in rapid
succession — click click!
Right-click: To point to an item and then press and release the secondary mouse button.
Drag: To hold down the primary mouse button while moving the mouse.
Right-drag: To hold down the secondary mouse button while moving the mouse.
Windows XP is geared toward two-button mouse operation. If your mouse has a little wheel in the
middle, you can use that for scrolling, as discussed in Chapter 2. If your mouse has three buttons on it,
you can ignore the button in the middle for now. I’ll show you how you can get some hands-on
experience using your mouse in a moment.
If you’re a lefty, you can configure a mouse for left-hand use. Doing so makes the button on the right the
primary mouse button and the button on the left the secondary mouse button (so your index finger is still
over the primary mouse button). Chapter 15 provides instructions for switching your mouse buttons
around for left-handed use.

Mouse Basics

The one piece of hardware you need to get comfy with right off the bat is the mouse. To use the mouse,
rest your hand comfortably on it, with your index finger resting (but not pressing) on the left mouse
button, as shown in Figure 1-2. When the computer is on, you’ll see a little arrow, called the mouse
pointer, on the screen. As you roll the mouse around on a mouse pad or on your desktop, the mouse
pointer moves in the same direction as you move the mouse.
Figure 1-2: Rest your hand comfortably on the mouse, with your index finger near the button on the left.
The following list explains basic mouse terminology you need to know:
Mouse button (or primary mouse button): Usually the mouse button on the left — the one
that rests comfortably under your index finger when you rest your right hand on the mouse.
Right mouse button (or secondary mouse button): The mouse button on the right.
Point: To move the mouse so that the mouse pointer is touching, or “hovering over,” some
object on the screen.

Keyboard:

Laid out like a standard typewriter, the keyboard is used for typing and, in some
cases, can also be used as an alternative to the mouse.
Figure 1-1: Basic PC hardware
Computer software refers to the somewhat invisible stuff that makes the computer do whatever it is you
want it to do. Any program that you purchase or download, as well as any pictures, music, or other stuff
you put “in your computer” is software. Software is information that’s recorded to some kind of disk,
such as a floppy disk, CD-ROM, or the hard disk that resides permanently inside your computer.
So with the basic concepts of hardware and software covered, let’s start talking about how you use that
stuff.

Hardware and Software Basics

For those of you who are new to computers, this section discusses some basic terminology. Computer
hardware is the stuff you can see and touch; if you throw it off the roof of a building, it will probably
break. Your basic PC consists of the hardware components shown in Figure 1-1. Each component plays
some role in helping you use the computer:
Monitor: The big TV-like thing. Probably has its own on/off switch as well as brightness,
contrast, and other buttons for fine-tuning the onscreen display.
Screen: The part of the monitor where all the action takes place — similar to a TV set screen.
System unit: The main body of the computer. Houses the main on/off switch plus access to the
floppy disk and CD-ROM drives.
Mouse: Your main tool for navigating (getting around) and for making the computer do what
you want it to do. I’ll talk about mice in more detail in a moment.

If you’re a newbie,

and if I’ve already gotten ahead of you here with this client/server business, I
apologize for that. Frankly, it’s not terribly important anyway. All that matters at this point is that you
understand that this book is for people using either Windows XP Home Edition or Windows XP
Professional Edition. With that out of the way, we can get back to the absolute basics.

Windows XP

You might be aware that Windows XP comes in several different flavors, two of which are client-side
products: the Windows XP Home Edition, and the Windows XP Professional Edition. This book covers
both those products. The differences between these two products are so few, they’re barely noticeable.
When they do arise during the course of this book, however, I’ll be sure to point them out.
The other versions are server-side products, named Windows XP Server and Windows XP Advanced
Server. This book doesn’t address those products specifically, because they’re not the kinds of products
the typical computer user would ever get involved with. Rather, they’re products that corporate network
administrators and other highly technical computer professions use to build servers for the Internet and
large networks.

One reason

that an operating system is required on all computers is that it plays the important role of
making all the things that make up a computer system — the screen, mouse, keyboard, the programs
you use, the hard disk, and all that other stuff — work in harmony. And thankfully, it does all that in the
background, without your even being aware of it. And without your having to know how it does it.
The operating system also provides the user interface for the computer. That is, it determines what you
see on your screen and how you interact with those things. To that extent, learning to use your
computer is really a matter of learning to use its operating system. In fact, learning Windows XP is
probably the most important first step in learning to use your computer. That’s partly because you need
to learn to use Windows just to start any other programs you plan to use. In addition, many of the skills
you acquire while learning to use Windows will apply to just about anything you do with your computer,
be that word processing, making custom CDs, working with digital photographs, creating Web pages . . .
whatever. So every moment spent learning Windows is actually an investment in learning to use your
entire computer and all the amazing things that it is capable of doing.

Cross-Reference

If you’re an experienced Windows user and want some specifics on
what’s new in Windows XP, see Appendix B.
For those of you who are new to the game, let’s start by pointing out that Microsoft Windows XP is a
computer program. Specifically, it’s a type of program known as an operating system, often abbreviated
OS. You may have heard of some of the other operating systems out there, such as DOS, the Mac OS
used on Macintosh computers, and Linux and UNIX, used mainly in large businesses.
One thing that makes the OS different from all other programs available for PCs is that an OS is
required to make your system work. A computer without an OS is like a car without an engine. Turning
on a computer that has no operating system installed leads to nothing but a message on the screen
telling you there is no operating system installed.

What Is Windows XP

Windows XP is the latest and greatest version of the ubiquitous Windows operating system. The XP
stands for experience (as in “The Jimi Hendrix . . .” for those of you who were around back then). This
version of Windows is certainly going to offer a new experience for those of you coming from earlier
versions of Windows. Part of Microsoft’s goal in this new version was to create a smoother, frictionless
work environment. After many weeks of using this new product, I think it’s safe to say that they’ve
accomplished that goal. It’s difficult to isolate any one new feature that provides for this new experience.
It’s really about the new interface in general, and how easy it is to tweak things to be as you want them
to be.

release Team[OR] 2001
[x] windows
Windows XP Bible
page 2
Alan Simpson's Windows XP Bible
by Alan Simpson ISBN: 0764548603
Hungry Minds © 2001, 902 pages
This book covers both the Personal and Professional editions
of the Microsoft Windows XP.
Table of Contents
Alan Simpson’s Windows XP Bible
Preface
Part I Know This or Suffer
Chapter 1 - What Is Windows XP? - 7
Chapter 2 - Getting Around Like a Pro - 22
Chapter 3 - Opening Programs and Documents - 55
Chapter 4 - Shortcuts and Other Cool Tricks - 67
Part II Becoming an Internet Guru
Chapter 5 - Connecting to the Internet - 74
Chapter 6 - Browsing the World Wide Web - 89
Chapter 7 - Maximum Web - 107
Chapter 8 - Internet E-Mail - 120
Chapter 9 - Participating in Usenet Newsgroups - 170
Chapter 10 - Windows Messenger, Games, and Such - 178
Chapter 11 - Online Conferencing with NetMeeting - 187
Part III Have It Your Way
Chapter 12 - General Housekeeping (Copying, Deleting, and So On) - 203
Chapter 13 - Organizing Your Virtual Office - 227
Chapter 14 - Personalizing the Screen - 248
Chapter 15 - Speech, Handwriting, Joysticks, and More - 262
Part IV Growth, Maintenance, and General Tweaking
Chapter 16 - Installing and Removing Programs - 280
Chapter 17 - Installing and Removing Hardware - 287
Chapter 18 - Disaster Prevention and Recovery - 301
Chapter 19 - Updates, Maintenance, and Monitoring - 312
Chapter 20 - Managing Multiple Users - 326
Chapter 21 - Road Warrior Tools and Techniques - 332
Part V Work and Play
Chapter 22 - Numbers, Text, and Pictures - 347
Chapter 23 - Cameras, Scanners, and Faxes - 357
Chapter 24 - Sounds, Music, Video, and DVD - 370
Chapter 25 - Fun with Windows Movie Maker - 401
Part VI Local Area Networks
Windows XP Bible
page 3
Chapter 26 - Create Your Own LAN - 414
Chapter 27 - Sharing Resources on a LAN - 423
Chapter 28 - Cool LAN Tricks - 432
Chapter 29 - Beefing Up Security - 437
Part VII Advanced Stuff
Chapter 30 - File Icons, Associations, and Properties - 445
Chapter 31 - Partitions, Volumes, and NTFS - 455
Chapter 32 - Advanced Security Administration - 459
Chapter 33 - Dealing with the Windows XP Registry - 468
Chapter 34 - Special Features of Windows XP Professional - 481
Part VIII Appendices
Appendix A - Installing Windows XP - 487
Appendix B - What’s New in Windows XP - 491
Appendix C - Special Folders and Shortcut Keys - 499
Back Cover
With a new kernel, a new interface, and loads of new multimedia and
connectivity features, Windows XP is the most significant Windows upgrade
since Windows 95. Written by renowned Windows guru Alan Simpson, this
soup-to-nuts guide is just what you need to master XP, whether you want to
customize your system so you can work faster, harness the digital media
features so you can experience music or movies, or make the most of remote
connectivity and networking so you can stay in touch.
About the Author
Alan Simpson is a computer guru and bestselling author with over 2 million
books in print. Many of his works -- including Understanding dBASE IV,
Mastering WordPerfect for Windows, Mastering WordPerfect 5.1, and
Understanding Microsoft Access -- are considered classics in the computer
book industry.

některá rozšíření ve Windows XP

- spouštění programů s jinými oprávněními (jiný uživatel)
- nastavení kompatibility aplikace se starší verzí OS
- šifrování souborů (bezpečnost)
- možnost vzdálené pomoci od experta
- možnost spouštění aplikací na vzdáleném počítači

uživatelské účty

- předdefinované účty Administrátor a Guest (jdou přejmenovat, ne smazat)
- předefinované skupiny (Administrators, Users, Guests, ...)
- lze více administratorů, nutno zkopírovat, některá práva nelze delegovat
- profil - pracovní prostředí, může být na serveru (Desktop, Control Panel, Start, ...)
- login script - soubor, který se spustí při přihlášení uživatele, \winnt\repl\import\scripts = netlogon

Pracovní skupina – tvořena min. 2 poč., ketré společně sdílejí dostupné prostředky (data, tiskárny) Jedná se o síť peer-to-peer.
Doména – Slučuje více serverů a stanic. 1 server je kontrolor domény a stará se o správu. Uživatel se může přihlásit na kterémkoliv počítači (nemusí mít na onom poč. účet)

systém souborů NTFS

- min. 50MB partition, max. 4 TB
- obsahuje clustery (od 512 B až do 64 kB)
- symbolicky rozdělen do dvou částí. Prvních 12 % disku je oblast MFT - místo, ve kterém se rozrůstá metasoubor MFT. Zapisovat data do tohoto místa není možné. Zbytek pro ukládání dat.
- název souboru: až 255 znaků, malá a velká písmena se nerozlišují, pro každý soubor se uchovává jméno 8.3 pro DOS
Zabezpečení
- Každý uživatel má svůj účet a s svoje heslo. Uživatel se nachází ve skupině a má práva jako každý jiný ve stejné skupině => není potřeba nastavovat práva každému uživ. zvlášť .
- Druhy přístupových práv k diskům, soub. a adr.: žídný přístup, seznam, číst, přidat, změnit, úplné řízení, omezený přístup k soub.
- Všechny aplikace běží v chráněném paměťovém prostoru.
- Pouze pokud je NTFS

základní charakteristika systému

podporuje: multitasking - více úloh současně, multihreading - více procesů v jedné úloze, multiprocessing - podpora více procesorů 2WS, 32Server
- kompatibilita, MS DOS, 16-ti bitová Windows, (VDM), OS/2, POSIX, LAN Manager systém souborů NTFS, FAT, HPFS, CDFS
- preemptivní multitasking - strojový čas přiděluje aplikacím sám systém
Instalace:
1. Identifikuje se zapojený hardware
2. Zadání, jedná-li se o - opravu – systém lze opravit, nelze-li z něj bootovat
- novou instalaci – pokračuje se v instalaci
3. Hledání řadičů pevných disků
4. Licenční smlouva
5. Hledání existující instalace
6. Analýza hardwaru počítače – grafiky, klávesnice a její rozložení, myš
7. Stanovení partition disku, kam se má instalovat – oblasti můžeme vytvářet i mazat
8. Volba systému souborů – FAT, NTFS – formátovat nebo ponechat již naformátovanou
9. Zadání názvu adresáře
10. Kopírování systémových souborů do adresáře – poté RESTART
11. (u serv.) Zvolení licenčního ujednání - Per Server – server podporuje určitý počet stanic
- Per Seat – licenční ujednání pro každou stanici
12. Název počítače
13. (u serv.)Typ Serveru - Primary Domain Controller – pouze 1 server v doméně
- Backup Domain Controller
- Stand-alone Server
14. Zadání účtu Administrátora
15. Zvolení, je-li počítač - připojen do sítě – nainstaluje se síťová karta
- není připojen – instalace síť. karty později